ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction: Robotic approach has shown its feasibility and safety with respect to open approach for radical cystectomy (1). The performances of Hugo™ RAS system (Medtronic, Minneapolis, USA) have been demonstrated in several clinical scenarios (2-5). We report the feasibility and surgical settings of the first series of robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) with intracorporeal ileal-conduit performed with Hugo™ RAS system. Methods: Two patients were submitted to RARC with ileal conduit at our institution. The trocar placement scheme and the operating room setting with docking angles of the four arms were already described (6). A 12-mm and a 5-mm trocar for the assistant were placed. In both cases, an ileal-conduit with a Wallace type-1 uretero-enteric derivation was performed intra-corporeally. Results: The first patient was a 71-year-old male with a very-high risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(BC), and the second patient was a 64-year-old male with a diagnosis of T2 high-grade BC. Operative times were 360 and 420 minutes with a docking time of 12 and 9 minutes, respectively. No intraoperative complications occurred. The estimated blood loss was 200ml and 400ml, respectively. The second patient developed an ileus on postoperative day 4 (Clavien-Dindo grade 2). No positive surgical margins were recorded. No recurrence nor progression occurred during follow-up. Conclusion: RARC with intracorporeal ileal conduit urinary diversion is feasible with Hugo™ RAS system. We provided insight into the surgical setting using this novel robotic platform to help new adopters to face this challenging procedure. These findings may help a wider distribution of robotic programs for BC treatment.
ABSTRACT
Resumen: INTRODUCCIÓN: Numerosos estudios han relacionado la obesidad y el sobrepeso con síntomas físicos, psicológicos y sociales, pero son escasos los trabajos que examinan la presencia de síntomas somáticos en niños con exceso de peso. OBJETIVO: Conocer si existen diferencias en la manifestación de síntomas somáticos en preadolescentes de 10 a 12 años en función de su categoría ponderal (normopeso y sobrepeso/obesidad), así como en otras variables relacionadas con la enfermedad (veces en el último mes que han estado enfermos, que han acudido al médico o que han faltado a clase por estar enfermos y existencia de enfermedades en los miembros de su familia). MÉTODO: Se trata de un estudio transversal de casos y controles en el que participaron 668 preadolescentes, de los que 301 presentaban normopeso y 367 exceso de peso (obesidad o sobrepeso). Los participantes completaron el Children's Somatization Inventory que examina la presencia de síntomas gastrointestinales, pseudoneurológicos y dolor. Para el análisis de los datos se llevó a cabo un análisis multivariado de la varianza. RESULTADOS: No se hallaron diferencias significativas en función de la categoría ponderal en la manifestación de síntomas somáticos. Las diferencias fueron significativas únicamente en función del sexo, presentando las niñas más síntomas gastrointestinales que los niños (F [1,666] = 8.71; p = .003). Al examinar la sintomatología en cada subgrupo, se hallaron diferencias entre los niños con normopeso y obesidad/sobrepeso, mostrando estos últimos más falta de energía o cansancio (χ2 = 5.35; p < .05), dificultad para respirar (χ2 = 7.51; p < .01), convulsiones (χ2 = 4.12; p < .05) y mala digestión (χ2 = 4.89; p < .05). Además, fue mayor el porcentaje de niños con normopeso que no tiene ningún familiar enfermo respecto a los que presentaron obesidad o sobrepeso (χ2 = 2.47; p < .01). DISCUSIÓN Y CONCLUSIÓN: En su conjunto, los resultados confirman la necesidad de valorar de forma exhaustiva y multidisciplinar la sintomatología física y psicológica de los niños y niñas obesos y con sobrepeso, para poder ofrecer una intervención exitosa, no sólo centrada en la reducción de peso, sino en la mejora de su calidad de vida.
Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Numerous studies have linked obesity and overweight with physical, psychological and social symptoms, but few of them have examined the presence of somatic symptoms in children or adolescents with obesity or overweight. OBJECTIVE: To examine somatic symptoms in preadolescents from 10 to 12 years old depending on their weight category (normal weight and overweight/obesity), as well as other variables related to the disease (times that preadolescents had been sick, had gone to the doctor or had been absent to class for having a disease in the last month, and existence of diseases in the members of their family). METHOD: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 668 pre-adolescents; 301 of them showed normal weight and 367 showed overweight or obesity. They completed the Children's Somatization Inventory that examines gastrointestinal symptoms, pseudoneurological symptoms, and pain. A multivariate analysis of the variance was performed to analyse the data. RESULTS: No significant differences in gastrointestinal symptoms, pseudoneurological symptoms and pain in function of the weight category were found. Differences were only significant in function of gender, showing girls more gastrointestinal symptoms than boys (F [1,666] = 8.71; p = .003). When examining each somatic symptom, differences were found depending on the weight category, showing participants with overweight or obesity more fatigue (χ2 = 5.35; p < .05), breathing problems (χ2 = 7.51; p < .01), seizures (χ2 = 4.12; p < .05), and poor digestion (χ2 = 4.89; p < .05). The percentage of participants with overweight or obesity who had a sick relative was higher comparing to those with normal weight (χ2 = 2.47; p < .01). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Overall, the results highlight the importance of examining physical and psychological symptoms in pre-adolescents with overweight or obesity to develop a successful intervention focused not only on the weight reduction but also in the improvement of their quality of life.